Nanosponges: As a Dynamic Drug Delivery Approach for Targeted Delivery

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have resulted in improved medicine delivery to the target site. Nanosponges are three-dimensional drug delivery systems that are nanoscale in size and created by cross-linking polymers. The introduction of Nanosponges has been a significant step toward overcoming issues such as drug toxicity, low bioavailability, and predictable medication release. Using a new way of nanotechnology, nanosponges, which are porous with small sponges (below one microm) flowing throughout the body, have demonstrated excellent results in delivering drugs. As a result, they reach the target place, attach to the skin's surface, and slowly release the medicine. Nanosponges can be used to encapsulate a wide range of medicines, including both hydrophilic and lipophilic pharmaceuticals. The medication delivery method using nanosponges is one of the most promising fields in pharmacy. It can be used as a biocatalyst carrier for vaccines, antibodies, enzymes, and proteins to be released. The existing study enlightens on the preparation method, evaluation, and prospective application in a medication delivery system and also focuses on patents filed in the field of nanosponges.Copyright © 2023 The Authors.

Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Interest in Plastic Surgery.

Introduction: Due to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, many elective surgeries were canceled, including most aesthetic plastic surgery procedures. Although studies have shown COVID-19's effect on plastic surgery in the United States, no study to date has examined the international interest in plastic surgery procedures after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, we sought to find this effect using the Google Trends tool. Material and Methods: The most common cosmetic procedures and top countries with the highest plastic surgery volume were selected from the International Society of Plastic Surgeons report and used as the search terms for Google Trends. Weekly search data from each procedure and country were collected from March 18, 2018 to March 13, 2022, split into 2 periods according to the start of the US COVID-19 lockdown, and compared. Results: Among the countries, the United States had the most plastic surgery interest after the COVID-19 pandemic, with India and Mexico closely following. On the other hand, Russia and Japan had the fewest changes in procedure interest. Regarding specific procedures, interest in breast augmentation, forehead lift, injectable filler, laser hair removal, liposuction, microdermabrasion, and rhytidectomy increased in all countries after the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: After COVID-19, there has been increasing interest in almost all plastic surgery procedures globally, especially nonsurgical procedures and facial plastic surgery, with the greatest increases in the United States, India, and Mexico. These results can help inform plastic surgeons which procedures to focus on and which devices or technologies to invest in that are specific to their country.

Advances in Microbiome-Derived Solutions and Methodologies Are Founding a New Era in Skin Health and Care.

The microbiome, as a community of microorganisms and their structural elements, genomes, metabolites/signal molecules, has been shown to play an important role in human health, with significant beneficial applications for gut health. Skin microbiome has emerged as a new field with high potential to develop disruptive solutions to manage skin health and disease. Despite an incomplete toolbox for skin microbiome analyses, much progress has been made towards functional dissection of microbiomes and host-microbiome interactions. A standardized and robust investigation of the skin microbiome is necessary to provide accurate microbial information and set the base for a successful translation of innovations in the dermo-cosmetic field. This review provides an overview of how the landscape of skin microbiome research has evolved from method development (multi-omics/data-based analytical approaches) to the discovery and development of novel microbiome-derived ingredients. Moreover, it provides a summary of the latest findings on interactions between the microbiomes (gut and skin) and skin health/disease. Solutions derived from these two paths are used to develop novel microbiome-based ingredients or solutions acting on skin homeostasis are proposed. The most promising skin and gut-derived microbiome interventional strategies are presented, along with regulatory, safety, industrial, and technical challenges related to a successful translation of these microbiome-based concepts/technologies in the dermo-cosmetic industry.

Beauty Face: An Android Application for Cosmetic Consumers to Try On and Receive Product Recommendation

Nowadays, the number of smartphone users shopping online over the internet is increasing due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation. People need to stay safe at home and work from home according to the social distancing policy. It is difficult for people to go shopping onsite at a physical store. Especially, cosmetic consumers cannot try on cosmetic products, and they are not sure which product is suitable for them. Therefore, to solve these problems, this research project proposes 'Beauty Face', which is an android application for cosmetic consumers who would like to try on products and receive recommendations. The Beauty Face application allows users to find the desired products and view product information. Also, it provides a useful feature for users to try on products by applying augmented reality (AR) technology to simulate cosmetic and beauty products on the user's face. Moreover, the Beauty Face application can recommend products that are appropriate for users by applying machine learning (ML) technology. The Beauty Face application can be helpful for cosmetic users to be more convenient in buying cosmetic and beauty products online and reducing chances of being infected or spreading COVID-19. © 2022 IEEE.

Delayed hypersensitivity reaction to cosmetic filler following two COVID-19 vaccinations and infection.

BACKGROUND: With ongoing COVID-19 vaccination schedules and the popularity of cosmetic fillers, it is important to examine and record associated adverse reactions to a more general audience of health care professionals. Case reports exist in subspecialty journals outlining reactions after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. This is one of the first cases published in Canada, and it highlights priorities and challenges faced by physicians in assessing and managing patients presenting with adverse reactions post vaccination. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 43 -year-old women with delayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction to hyaluronic acid cosmetic filler triggered by COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. We outline the clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications, and treatment of a late inflammatory reaction to hyaluronic acid filler and highlight the treatment priorities for clinicians faced with similar presentations. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis of delayed onset nodules formation post filler injection is broad and includes redistribution of fillers, inflammatory reaction to biofilm, and delayed hypersensitivity reaction. As result, in order to make the right diagnosis, administer the appropriate treatment and achieve great cosmetic results, we highly recommend seeking expert opinion from dermatologist, plastic surgeon and allergist immunologist in a timely manner.

Falsified medicines at the times of COVID-19 pandemic: some AIFA cases and experiences

Gathering and analysing the signals from the field is a key practice in counteracting pharmaceutical crime: the connection between the units dealing with pharmacrime and enforcement/customs offices is quite obvious, but also the networks set up for pharmacovigilance, quality defects, distribution, e-market, GXP should be properly considered, since suspicious signals may be found in reports that are usually not considered in terms of possible criminal behaviours, as it happened in 2014 with the Volcano Operation led by AIFA, that was triggered by a quality report, allowing to discovered an impressive scheme for falsification, theft and laundering of medicines at European level. The usual reports that the AIFA competent office submit to in-depth analysis relate to: * medicines without Marketing/Import Authorization in Italy, found at customs following passengers or in courier shipments;* medicines in transit at Italian customs offices, coming/going from/to third countries;* medicines from third countries, lacking any authorization in Italy, intended for local communities in Italy;* medicines without AIC in Italy, found in points of sale not authorized for the marketing of medicines or illegally held, in large quantities, by unauthorized private parties;* pharmacologically active medicines/active substances, the subject of suspicious commercial transactions between third countries;* falsified medicines, found in Europe and in non-EU countries;* medicines bearing falsified machine-readable stickers;* stolen medicines;and * illegal websites. In this framework, the increase in the use of e-commerce (due to lockdown and pandemic), increasing demand for 'miracle medicines' against COVID-19 and other diseases: illegal framework (and strategies) are changing, as it is reflected in the most recent recurring cases that were investigated, that is, * Traditional Chinese Medicines without authorization in Italy (customs and local shops);* Non authorized medicines marketed as cosmetics (local shops);* Medicines against relevant diseases, e.g. psoriasis, sold as cosmetics (online market);* Counterfeit OTC products from unauthorized channels (online market);and * 'Miracle medicines' for the prevention of COVID-19 (online market and local distribution). The increase in the use of e-commerce (due to lockdown and pandemic) is changing the channels for offering: social network had a major role in creating the demand for 'miracle medicines' against COVID-19, mirroring the one we already know for other diseases. This change in the offer also triggered a change in the communication strategy: the need for a reaction to the so-called 'infodemic', that is, the outbreak of fake news, mainly circulating through social network, forced AIFA to find proper models for showing the whole framework behind many apparently nonrelated issues, underlining the danger related to the new channels/products, more than their illegality.

Packaging plastic waste management in the cosmetic industry

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the relationship between the various variables present in the packaging plastic waste management system in the cosmetics industry.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors deal with plastic packaging waste in the cosmetic industry with the help of system dynamics. The model broadly divides the system into six sections – Cosmetic Packaging, Waste Generation, Waste Collected, Waste Sorted, Waste Treated and Waste Dumped. Businesses have been investing in each section depending on their progress and targets. The authors are looking at case studies of two leading cosmetic brands, L'Oréal and L'Occitane en Provence, to validate the industry practices against our model.FindingsFrom a business perspective, using the case study methodology for L'Oréal and L'Occitane, the authors inferred that out of the various investment vehicles available, companies are targeting technological advancement and third-party collaborations as they have the potential to offer the greatest visible change. However, most of these investments are going toward the treatment subsection. Still, there is a scope for improvement in the collection and sorting subsystems, increasing the efficiency of the whole chain.Originality/valueThere has been a lot of research on packaging plastic waste management in the past, but only a few of them focused on the cosmetic industry. This study aims to connect all the possible variables involved in the cosmetic industry's packaging plastic waste management system and provide a clear output variable for various businesses looking to manage their packaging waste because of their products efficiently.

Awareness of Cosmetic Procedures among Adults Seeking to Enhance Their Physical Appearance: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study in Central Jordan

The increase in urban society in the use of cosmetic practices to rejuvenate oneself or obtain a more appealing appearance has influenced the practices of cosmetic dermatologists, general medical practitioners, plastic surgeons, and dental practitioners, among others. The pharmaceutical industry has evolved to meet customers' desire to be more physically attractive irrespectively of age and gender. This study aimed to preliminarily explore Jordanian adults' awareness of dental, facial, and other cosmetic procedures. The reasons for undergoing such cosmetic procedures and self-reported knowledge of the side effects or risks associated with these interventions were also explored. The results show that the participants had undergone various procedures to enhance their looks, attractiveness, and confidence. None of the female participants wanted to emulate a celebrity. Most participants were aware of the side effects associated with cosmetic procedures, which may be attributed to their educational backgrounds, as the participants' minimum qualification was 12th grade and their easy access to information services such as electronic media. A multicenter, large-scale, regional study is required to determine the associations, correlations, and recommendations for individuals seeking cosmetic treatment, cosmetic health providers, and policymakers.

Getting to the root of it: contact anaphylaxis from polyethylene glycol in a dental lubricant

A 46-year-old man with no known allergies or history of atopy was referred for the investigation of a severe anaphylactic reaction following root canal dental treatment. The procedure had been done under local anaesthetic and involved drilling the tooth, removal of dental pulp, cleaning and insertion of a temporary filling. Preliminary skin prick tests (SPTs) and intradermal tests were negative to natural rubber latex, articaine (the local anaesthetic used for his procedure), lidocaine and chlorhexidine. He had negative specific IgE to chlorhexidine and latex, and a negative lidocaine challenge, confirming that he was not allergic to lidocaine. He returned for further dental treatment, which was done without local anaesthetic. As the procedure was completed, he developed severe anaphylaxis again. He made a full recovery and his dentist was asked for detailed information and samples of all the materials used during the procedure. Subsequent SPT showed a positive weal of 12 x 6 mm to the dental lubricant, Glyde, which was used on both occasions. Its ingredients included polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4253. SPT to other high-weight macrogol-containing products showed positive reactions to a 5% lidocaine ointment, Movicol, EMLA cream and Depomedrone. On further questioning he recalled minor immediate irritation after using a brand of children's shampoo, but a SPT to the shampoo was negative. An open test, closed test and SPT to a lower-molecular-weight patch-test allergen (PEG400 in petrolatum) were negative. PEGs or 'Macrogols' are hydrophilic polymers used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical reagents. They have recently attracted attention as they are excipients in several COVID-19 vaccines and have been suggested as a possible cause of anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis to higher-molecular-weight PEGs has been reported from the use of bowel preparations and parenteral steroids. There are a handful of reports of contact urticaria to PEG-containing medicaments. We report this case to raise awareness of severe immediate hypersensitivity to these apparently innocuous ingredients and a novel source of exposure. A low index of suspicion, lack of standardized nomenclature and commercial reagents for testing are current barriers to diagnosis.

The structural relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment of beauty industry employees.

BACKGROUND: Based on the analysis results that can further enhance organizational satisfaction and response to changes in the employment environment of cosmetic employees and workers through organizational commitment and turnover intention of cosmetic. OBJECTIVES: This research paper empirically analyzed changes in employment environment due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic and 4th industrial revolution and the effect of employees and job satisfaction on turnover intention in the cosmetic industry, and sought measures necessary for conflict management in industrial sites. METHODS: A self-report questionnaire was conducted on 508 cosmetic implementers. Statistical processing of the data collected by the data analysis method was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) WIN23.0 statistical package program through data coding and data organizing process. RESULTS: Changes in the employment environment were found to have a significant effect on job satisfaction (t = -11.728, p < 0.05). Changes in the employment environment were found to have a significant effect on organizational commitment, which is a dependent variable (t = -9.476, p < 0.05). Changes in the employment environment and job satisfaction were found to have a significant effect on organizational commitment, and this regression model was found to be statistically significant (F = 67.703, p < 0.05). Job satisfaction showed a significant positive (+) effect on organizational commitment rather than the employment environment (t = 6.235, p < 0.05). As a result, it was found that the organizational commitment and job satisfaction of cosmetic employees and workers affected their turnover intentions due to changes in the employment environment due to the 4th industrial revolution and the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: This study focused on the relationship between employment environment changes in the cosmetic industry due to the recent 4th industrial revolution and the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment of cosmetic employees on turnover intention. Based on the results of the analysis that can further increase the organizational commitment and search for job satisfaction of cosmetic employers and workers, we intend to establish the identity of cosmetic industry organizations nationwide and raise community awareness. This study will help the development and growth of the cosmetic industry by providing basic data that can be reborn as a better cosmetic service organization.

Impact of COVID-19 on the patient referral pattern and conversion rate in the university versus private facial plastic surgery centers.

PURPOSE: To compare the number of referrals and conversion rate between the pandemic and pre-pandemic period. METHODS: The number of referrals and conversion rate between the 10-month pandemic (March-December 2020) and pre-pandemic (March-December 2019) were evaluated in the two university (mainly non-cosmetic) and private (mainly cosmetic) facial plastic surgery centers. Demographics and monthly number and type (cosmetic and non-cosmetic) of the referrals and surgeries were recorded from the both and cosmetic facial injections (botulinum toxin and filler) and the source of referrals (web- and non-web-based) from the private center. The conversion rate was a ratio of the number of the surgeries to the number of referrals. RESULTS: The number of referrals declined by 7.7% in the private center which was significantly higher for the non-cosmetic (26%) than the cosmetic (0.5%) referrals. It was 32% in the university center. The private center conversion rate significantly (P < 0.001) decreased for both the cosmetic (60%) and non-cosmetic (82%) procedures. It was not significantly different between the cosmetic (65%) and non-cosmetic (58%) procedures in the university center. However, the number of cosmetic facial injections (11%) and the web-based referral source (4%) increased. The recovery was better for the number of referrals (better in the private center) than the conversion rate. CONCLUSION: The fall in the conversion rate was statistically significant in the private center. While the number of referrals recovered to almost the pre-pandemic level, the conversion rates, despite recovery, remained at a lower level at the end.

Seasonal variation and ecological risk assessment of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in a typical semi-enclosed bay — The Bohai Bay in northern China

The Bohai Bay as a typical semi-enclosed bay in northern China with poor water exchange capacity and significant coastal urbanization, is greatly influenced by land-based inputs and human activities. As a class of pseudo-persistent organic pollutants, the spatial and temporal distribution of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) is particularly important to the ecological environment, and it will be imperfect to assess the ecological risk of PPCPs for the lack of systematic investigation of their distribution in different season. 14 typical PPCPs were selected to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution in the Bohai Bay by combining online solid-phase extraction (SPE) and HPLC-MS/MS techniques in this study, and their ecological risks to aquatic organisms were assessed by risk quotients (RQs) and concentration addition (CA) model. It was found that PPCPs widely presented in the Bohai Bay with significant differences of spatial and seasonal distribution. The concentrations of ∑PPCPs were higher in autumn than in summer. The distribution of individual pollutants also showed significant seasonal differences. The high values were mainly distributed in estuaries and near-shore outfalls. Mariculture activities in the northern part of the Bohai Bay made a greater contribution to the input of PPCPs. Caffeine, florfenicol, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin were the main pollutants in the Bohai Bay, with detection frequencies exceeding 80 %. The ecological risk of PPCPs to algae was significantly higher than that to invertebrates and fish. CA model indicated that the potential mixture risk of total PPCPs was not negligible, with 34 % and 88 % of stations having mixture risk in summer and autumn, respectively. The temporary stagnation of productive life caused by Covid-19 weakened the input of PPCPs to the Bohai Bay, reducing the cumulative effects of the pollutants. This study was the first full-coverage investigation of PPCPs in the Bohai Bay for different seasons, providing an important basis for the ecological risk assessment and pollution prevention of PPCPs in the bay. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

Nanosponges: Advancement in Nanotherapeutics

The emergence of nanotechnology paves the way for improving disease therapy strategies. An investigation into the progression of the release of the medication targeting the specified predetermined location is a significant factor to consider. Due to the ability to advance existing products and to develop new products in a variety of applications, the nanotechnology industry is considered an evolving technology. Cyclodextrin-based porous nanoparticles or unique nano-sponges (NSs) which have recently been used in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and cosmetic industries are the main elements of this growth. This superior technology can circumvent the defects of current techniques by its ability to attack and visualize tumour sites. A biodegradable and biocompatible feature along with a built-in high surface area resulting in enormous amounts of drug loading and biomimetic design, and the ability to control nanoparticles size are just a handful of good attractive attributes that find this technique as an overwhelming advantage in the field of nanomedicine. This review article is organized such that we first explored the unique features of these nanosponges and the diverse methods for synthesizing, followed by the drug loading and release principle and application based on drug delivery, targeting, boosting solubility of BCS Class II and IV drugs, others in biomedicine and more. Finally, the recent progress on the use of biomimetic nanosponge as a pandemic tool due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus briefly comes into line. Copyright © RJPT All right reserved.

Newly Developed Microneedles Can Dissolve in The Skin to Deliver Drugs

Microneedles were first created for medication delivery many decades ago, but serious study on them did not commence until the mid-1990s. Microneedles, skin creams, and transdermal patches are the most extensive treatments for the transdermal administration of medications. Due to the stratum corneum layer of the skin, which acts as a barrier for the particles, multiple particles can appear at the site of action, limiting the effectiveness of the vast majority of supportive specialists. Microneedles are a further type of drug delivery device that aids in working on the transport of pharmaceuticals through this course and overcoming the numerous challenges associated with conventional nuances. The essential rule comprises interruption of the skin layer, so creating micron-sized routes that lead the drug plainly to the epidermis or higher dermis region, from which it can enter the central course straight without encountering a restriction. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Impacts of video communication on psychological well-being and cosmetic surgery acceptance.

Video communication via platforms such as Zoom has been routinely used as a communication tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific evidence has suggested that constant video communication can have detrimental consequences such as "Zoom fatigue", inhibiting collaboration, and new information exchange. The current study focuses on the effects of using video communication technology on self-esteem, affect, and image perception under the framework of objective self-awareness (OSA). We implemented a survey among a large sample of video communication users. The results revealed a nuanced picture of OSA with video communication: merely seeing self-video and the time of using video communication won't activate OSA. However, being a listener and a part of the audience in video communication activated OSA. In turn, OSA significantly increased the attention paid to oneself, leading to critical self-evaluation, negative affect, and a greater level of cosmetic surgery acceptance. Moreover, OSA reduced the level of self-esteem. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Beauty Industry's Strategic Response to Metaverse Evolution: Focused on Generation MZ

The South Korean cosmetics industry is loved by the whole world in the name of 'K-beauty' together with the Hallyu culture, and has been established as one of South Korea's key export items. In particular, lots of changes occur rapidly due to the development of telecommunication and the introduction of new technologies, and also changes caused by COVID-19 have brought about great changes in all the areas of distribution and sales. In addition, the consumption of the MZ generation shows different patterns from the existing consumer generations, and a new change in distribution and sales start in earnest according as their influence grows. While metaverse platform services, which are yet in their early stages, are now used mostly by entertainment area and global large companies, it is deemed that continuous investment and technological innovation will accelerate the expansion of metaverse platforms. Currently, response to cosmetics industry in the metaverse platform market is trivial, but cosmetics industry will also have to provide services through the market of this new type before long. For this, it should understand the consumption tendency of the main consumers, and grope for marketing strategies responding to it. The strategies are as follows: First, the consumption patterns of the MZ generation, which will grow as a main consumer group in the future though they are not a current main consumption group, should be understood, and marketing methods should be developed in agreement with consumption patterns pursued by them. Second, PR and marketing embracing the values of the MZ generation, such as environment and value-based consumption should be carried out, and services of real-time communication through stories sympathized by the MZ generation should be provided. Third, while offline experience is important, the marketing of experience in metaverse platforms should be provided, and goods that enable two-way communication and simultaneous enjoyment should be provided by planning and developing goods that allow linkage between metaverse and offline, Lastly, it is deemed that strategies for attracting consumers by providing contents of amusement and fun should be used. © 2022 IEEE.

THE BEAST IN THE BEAUTY BOX

SESSION TITLE: Critical Care in Chest Infections Case Report Posters 2 SESSION TYPE: Case Report Posters PRESENTED ON: 10/17/2022 12:15 pm - 01:15 pm INTRODUCTION: Enterobacter species are notorious for causing nosocomial infection. They were found to be the third most common pathogen in the respiratory tract amongst isolates in the ICU. What makes the situation grim is the growing antibiotic resistance with regards to treating these infections. Such is the extent of this problem that in certain parts of the world the antibiotic sensitivity of Pluralibacter gergoviae is used as an indicator for the spreading antibiotic resistance in the environment. CASE PRESENTATION: A 73 year old female with past medical history significant for hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and Coronary artery disease s/p stent placement in 2019 presented to our facility with a 4 day history of fever, cough and chest discomfort. She had tested positive for COVID-19 two days prior to presentation and was initiated on remdesivir, tocilizumab, and dexamethasone. She was initially managed on the floors but in view of her increasing oxygen requirement she was transferred to the critical care where she was intubated due to respiratory failure. She continued to spike fevers and was persistently hypoxic. Initially this was attributed to COVID pneumonia and a trial of convalescent plasma was also given. After 3 weeks, she tested negative for COVID-19 while still intubated and precautions were taken off. However, she continued to spike fevers. Repeat chest X-ray was done and it showed multifocal airspace disease with increasing opacification in the left upper lobe. Her endotracheal aspirate grew carbapenemase producing Pluralibacter gergoviae sensitive for ciprofloxacin. Subsequently, she was started on IV levofloxacin and received it for a total of 21 days. Her treatment course was complicated by prolonged intubation requiring tracheostomy and development of Pneumatocele. After stopping the antibiotics, she did not have fever and her white blood cell count was within normal limits. DISCUSSION: P. gergoviae is a known contaminant in intravenous fluids, invasive medical devices, eye cream, children's shampoo, skin cream, hand cleaning paste, and cleansing wipes. Over the decades due to selective pressure especially in the cosmetic industry from preservatives it has gained antibiotic resistance via overexpression of detoxifying enzymes, flagellin, modification of membrane structure/function. Improving patient's oral hygiene, implementing infection control protocols strictly in the ICU, minimizing invasive medical devices/catheters and educating the stakeholders shall help in curbing these incidents. Once identified, early Infectious disease specialist involvement can help choose an apt antibiotic regimen on the basis of existing antibiograms. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlighted the importance of close microbiological surveillance, minimizing occurrence of nosocomial infection and treating atypical organisms. Reference #1: Enterobacter gergoviae adaptation to preservatives commonly used in cosmetic industry M. Périamé,J.-M. Pagès,A. Davin-Regli 14 May 2014 DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Abinesh Sekar

Effect of Augmented Reality on Online Beauty Accessory Purchase During Covid 19 Pandemic: A Study of Loreal Paris Makeup Genius

The COVID-19 pandemic that happened in the course of 2020 affects financial area in the cosmetic Industry. Shoppers can generally utilize on-line channels to diminish eye to eye contact with consumers. This examination expects to interrupt down the result of Augmented Reality during COVID-19 pandemic on retail customer conduct. This research utilizes subjective ways with auxiliary data sources no heritable from Delhi NCR working professionals and University students were taken. For this research qualitative analytical technique have been used with the help of questionnaire and data has been collected with the help of online voice records through social media, so this research is an exploratory cum descriptive research the outcomes show that the patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic are internet rooming and pure web primarily based shopping. This exploration is needed to be valuable for advertisers however Augmented Reality helps in rising retail showcasing procedures throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and increase a superior agreement and a lot of in-depth viewpoints how this new innovation (AR) creates interest in web based looking and make it more powerful for the corrective business.

Outcomes of Closed versus Open Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review.

Open and closed rhinoplasty are two main approaches to perform nasal modifications. According to current literature, there is no current consensus among plastic surgeons and otolaryngologists on which technique is preferred in terms of aesthetic result, complications, and patient satisfaction. This study uses published research to determine whether open or closed rhinoplasty leads to superior patient outcomes. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for systematic reviews were followed and a literature search was conducted in four databases based on our search strategy. Articles were then imported into COVIDENCE where they underwent primary screening and full-text review. Twenty articles were selected in this study after 243 articles were screened. There were 4 case series, 12 retrospective cohort studies, 1 prospective cohort study, 1 case-control, and 2 outcomes research. There were three cosmetic studies, eight functional studies, and nine studies that included both cosmetic and functional components. Sixteen studies utilized both open and closed rhinoplasty and four utilized open rhinoplasty. Both techniques demonstrated high patient and provider satisfaction and no advantage was found between techniques. Based on available studies, we cannot conclude if there is a preference between open or closed rhinoplasty in terms of which technique leads to better patient outcomes. Several studies determined that open rhinoplasty and closed rhinoplasty leads to comparative patient satisfaction. To make outcome reporting more reliable and uniform among studies, authors should look to utilize the Nasal Obstruction and Septoplasty Effectiveness scale and the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation.